Explore by model types

Top-down models  Based on a top-down analytical approach, which starts with the big picture and it breaks down from there into smaller segments. Top-down ‘macro framework’ models are likely to be more useful for undertaking system-level or economy-wide scenario analysis driven by the national long-term goals and targets, and for exploring trade-offs and synergies among sectors.

Bottom-up models  Based on a bottom-up approach, which is the piecing together of systems to give rise to more complex systems. Bottom-up sectoral models could support more detailed option-level impact analysis of concrete interventions, technologies and investments.

• Analytical

  ✕ 0 model

• Bottom-up Micro-simulation model

  ✕ 5 models

  Typically used for analyses at a detailed disaggregated level over the short term these usually focus on individuals, households or firms (e.g. tax effect on income distribution) although they can be provide insights at a higher level of aggregation. Models require very detailed disaggregated data and may not therefore be able to cover all actors of interest or all resource flows nor important general equilibrium feedback effects.

  • CO2MPAS

    CO2 Model for PAssenger and commercial vehicles Simulation

  • EEMM

    European Electricity Market Model

  • EUROMOD

    EUROMOD Microsimulation

  • SYMBOL

    SYstemic Model of Banking Originated Losses

  • VECTO

    Vehicle Energy Consumption calculation TOol

• Bottom-up Multi-agent model

  ✕ 1 model

  Computerized systems composed of multiple interacting agents.

  • RUSLE2015

    Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation

• Bottom-up Optimization model

  ✕ 9 models

  Type of mathematical models that attempts to optimize (maximize or minimize) an objective function without violating resource constraints; also known as mathematical programming.

  • CAPRI

    Common Agricultural Policy Regional Impact Analysis

  • CO2MPAS

    CO2 Model for PAssenger and commercial vehicles Simulation

  • DIONE

    Road Transport Fleet Impact Model

  • G4M

    Global Forest Model

  • IFM-CAP

    Individual Farm Model for Common Agricultural Policy Analysis

  • JRC-EU-TIMES

    JRC TIMES energy system model for the EU

  • LUISA

    Land Use Integrated Sustainability Assessment

  • METIS

    Markets and Energy Technologies Integrated Software

  • SOCRATES

    SOcial multi CRiteria AssessmenT of European policieS

• Bottom-up Partial equilibrium (PE) model

  ✕ 11 models

  Single Sector Models or System Models typically used in the detailed analysis of a specific economic sector (such as energy supply) or a combination of related economic sectors (such as the interaction of energy supply, and a number of energy demand sectors) over short/medium/long term. They can provide a high degree of disaggregation within the sector(s) covered. Models are unable to capture the interactions with other sectors and the effects in other markets but remain in equilibrium within the sectors in question. Factors related to issues outside of the sectors in question must be supplied exogenously and interaction/feedback to the rest of the economy is ignored.

  • AGLINK-COSIMO

    AGricultural LINKage - COmmodity SImulation Model

  • CAPRI

    Common Agricultural Policy Regional Impact Analysis

  • EEMM

    European Electricity Market Model

  • EGMM

    European Gas Market Model

  • GLOBIOM

    Global Biosphere Management Model

  • JRC-EU-TIMES

    JRC TIMES energy system model for the EU

  • POLES

    Prospective Outlook for the Long term Energy System

  • POTEnCIA

    Policy-Oriented Tool for Energy and Climate Change Impact Assessment

  • PRIMES

    Price-Induced Market Equilibrium System

  • PRIMES-TREMOVE

    PRIMES-TREMOVE Transport Model

  • Vivid EU ETS model

    European Union Emissions Trading System model

• Bottom-up Simulation model

  ✕ 14 models

  Type of mathematical models which combine both mathematical and logical concepts, that try to emulate a real-life system through use of computer software.

  • AIM

    Aviation Integrated Model

  • CMD IV Model

    Carcinogens and Mutagens Directive Model - fourth revision

  • EIA

    Ecodesign Impact Accounting model

  • FORECAST Industry

    Forecasting Energy Consumption Analysis and Simulation Tool (model part: industry)

  • G4M

    Global Forest Model

  • GAINS

    Greenhouse Gas and Air Pollution Interactions and Synergies (GAINS)-Model

  • MELISA

    Model for European LIght Sources Analysis

  • PEPSIT

    Product Environmental Policy Stock and Impact Tool

  • SOCRATES

    SOcial multi CRiteria AssessmenT of European policieS

  • TaxBEN

    OECD tax-benefit model

  • TRUST

    TRansport eUropean Simulation Tool

  • VECTO

    Vehicle Energy Consumption calculation TOol

  • VeSTEM

    Vehicle Safety Technology Effectiveness Model

  • VM model

    VM stock and policy scenario model

• Cellular automata

  ✕ 0 model

• Code for numerical simulation

  ✕ 0 model

• Comparative statistic

  ✕ 0 model

• Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA) model

  ✕ 2 models

  • CMD IV Model

    Carcinogens and Mutagens Directive Model - fourth revision

  • VeSTEM

    Vehicle Safety Technology Effectiveness Model

• Cost-effective AQ abatement strategies

  ✕ 1 model

  • SIBYL

    Vehicle Stock, Air Pollutants, and GHG Projection Policy Evaluation Tool

• Deterministic model

  ✕ 0 model

• Dynamic

  ✕ 0 model

• Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium model

  ✕ 0 model

• Dynamic probabilistic allocation

  ✕ 0 model

• Econometric

  ✕ 0 model

• Finite elements analysis model

  ✕ 0 model

• Forecast model

  ✕ 1 model

  • SIBYL

    Vehicle Stock, Air Pollutants, and GHG Projection Policy Evaluation Tool

• General equilibrium

  ✕ 0 model

• Integrated assessment tool

  ✕ 0 model

• LP dynamic model over one year

  ✕ 0 model

• Land-Surface model

  ✕ 0 model

• Linear programming dynamic model

  ✕ 0 model

• Multivariate factor analysis tool

  ✕ 0 model

• Non-hydrostatic

  ✕ 0 model

• Non-linear programming

  ✕ 0 model

• Optimisation tool

  ✕ 0 model

• Prediction migration model

  ✕ 0 model

• Process (or Physics)-based model

  ✕ 11 models

  Type of models which focus on simulating detailed physical or biological processes that explicitly describe system behaviour.

  • CENTURY

    CENTURY agroecosystem dynamic model

  • CO2MPAS

    CO2 Model for PAssenger and commercial vehicles Simulation

  • EPIC

    Environmental Policy Integrated Climate

  • FS-MFA

    Food System Material Flow Analysis model

  • G4M

    Global Forest Model

  • GAINS

    Greenhouse Gas and Air Pollution Interactions and Synergies (GAINS)-Model

  • LAFO

    Land Footprint of EU consumption

  • LISFLOOD

    LISFLOOD hydrological model

  • RUSLE2015

    Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation

  • SYNOPS-GIS

    Model for synoptic assessment of risk potential of chemical plant protection products

  • VECTO

    Vehicle Energy Consumption calculation TOol

• Recursive

  ✕ 0 model

• Simulation behavioural

  ✕ 0 model

• Single unit dispatch model

  ✕ 0 model

• Static CGE (computable general equilibrium)

  ✕ 0 model

• Statistical model

  ✕ 3 models

  Mathematical models that describe relationships between two or more variables in the form of mathematical equations.

  • GREEN

    Geospatial Regression Equation for European Nutrient losses

  • SYMBOL

    SYstemic Model of Banking Originated Losses

  • TFA-POL

    Markov state transition model to estimate the health impacts and related costs to the public of different trans fatty acids (TFA) intake scenarios at the EU level

• Stochastic model

  ✕ 0 model

• Top-down Computable general equilibrium (CGE) model

  ✕ 9 models

  Allow for consistent comparative analysis by ensuring that the economic system and individual markets remain in general equilibrium in the long term. They are typically used to capture one off and long-term effects from policy "shocks". They are able to produce disaggregated results as such models only require one (base) year of data. They provide detailed information on the policy impact of a particular variable of interest. Many CGE models suffer from a lack of historical validation. Some types of CGE are also used for forecasting and scenario building.

  • AERO-MS

    Aviation Emissions and evaluation of Reduction Options Modelling System

  • CORTAX

    Corporate Tax Model

  • EU-EMS

    EU Economic Modelling System

  • GEM-E3

    General Equilibrium Model - Economy, Energy, Environment

  • LMM

    Labour Market Model

  • MAGNET

    Modular Applied GeNeral Equilibrium Tool

  • MIRAGE

    Modelling International Relationships in Applied General Equilibrium

  • RHOMOLO

    Regional Holistic Model

  • RunDynam

    Recursive Dynamic Model - RunDynam

• Top-down Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium model

  ✕ 2 models

  Dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) models use modern macroeconomic theory to explain and predict comovements of aggregate time series over the business cycle and to perform policy analysis.

  • IO-DSGEM

    Input-Output Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium Model

  • QUEST

    Macroeconomic model QUEST

• Top-down Econometric model

  ✕ 3 models

  These models are typically used to capture medium/long-term effects from shocks and for forecasting. Modelled relationships are econometrically estimated using historical detailed time-series data rather than economic theory. Models can capture the process of dynamic adjustment and structural changes if these are not too substantial. Such models are not generally suitable for short-term analysis (but can in some cases span different time frames). They are also premised on the assumption that historical relations will still be valid in the future.

  • E3ME

    Energy - Environment - Economy Model for Europe

  • GINFORS-E

    Global Interindustry FORecasting System - Energy

  • LUISA

    Land Use Integrated Sustainability Assessment

• Top-down Input-output model

  ✕ 3 models

  Offer an alternative approach to large-scale economic modelling. This is typically used for short-term analysis of supply chains and how industries are related. The models are based around economic input-output tables which indicate the values of purchases between economic sectors in a particular year. Input output tables are usually available at the national level though they can be aggregated to regional and European levels. Results are easy to interpret and few resources are necessary, but the models are simple, rely heavily on assumptions and can only be used for static analysis as the model doesn’t take into account changes over time.

  • GINFORS-E

    Global Interindustry FORecasting System - Energy

  • IO-DSGEM

    Input-Output Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium Model

  • RHOMOLO

    Regional Holistic Model

• Top-down System dynamics model

  ✕ 3 models

  Mathematical models designed to understand the behaviour of complex systems over time (using stocks, flows, internal feedback loops, table functions and time delays).

  • ASTRA

    ASsessment of TRAnsport Strategies

  • NEAC

    European Transport Forecast Model

  • TRI-STOCK-CHARGER

    Trinomics stock model for chargers of mobile phones and other small devices

• Trajectory and dispersion model

  ✕ 0 model

• Other

  ✕ 11 models

  • AGLINK-COSIMO

    AGricultural LINKage - COmmodity SImulation Model

  • BeTa

    BeTa-MKV An Estimated General Equilibrium Open Economy Monetary Model of Interacting European Economies

  • CONSUMPTION FOOTPRINT

    Environmental impacts of the consumption of EU and EU countries

  • COPERT

    Computer model to calculate emissions from road traffic

  • DIONE

    Road Transport Fleet Impact Model

  • DOMESTIC FOOTPRINT

    Environmental impacts of the domestic production and consumption of EU and EU countries

  • LUISA

    Land Use Integrated Sustainability Assessment

  • NEMESIS

    New Econometric Model of Evaluation by Sectoral Interdependency and Supply

  • POTEnCIA

    Policy-Oriented Tool for Energy and Climate Change Impact Assessment

  • RUSLE2015

    Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation

  • SimpleTreat

    Sewage Treatment Plant Model