SWD/2021/641 final
This webpage provides a comprehensive overview of model use for the "SWD/2021/641 final" impact assessment. It aims to provide understanding of who ran the models, model ownership and the role models played in the impact assessment.
Who Ran the Models
3 models were run by the EC
- GEM-E3
- EUROMOD
- QUEST
2 models were run by external institutions
- GINFORS-E: RICARDO
- AERO-MS: RICARDO
Model Use Summary
GEM-E3 - General Equilibrium Model - Economy, Energy, Environment
Role: baseline and assessment of policy options
Run by: European Commission
Ownership: Co-ownership (EU & third parties)
Contribution Details: GEM-E3 was used to assess the following policy impacts as defined in the Better Regulation Toolbox: Equal treatment of products and businesses, Equal treatment of products and businesses, EU Exports & imports, Investment flows & trade in services, Cost of doing business, Business' capacity to innovate, Market share & advantages in international context, Free movement of goods, services, capital and workers, Competition, Innovation for productivity/resource efficiency, Budgetary consequences for public authorities, Consumer's ability to benefit from the internal market or to access goods and services from outside the EU, Prices, quality, availability or choice of consumer goods and services, Goods traded with developing countries, Economic growth and employment, Investments and functioning of markets, Macro-economic stability, Impact on jobs, Impact on jobs in specific sectors, professions, regions or countries, Indirect effects on employment levels, Wages, labour costs or wage setting mechanisms, Employment, social protection and poverty impacts in non-Member States (including developing countries), Emission of greenhouse gases, Economic incentives set up by market based mechanisms, Emissions of acidifying, eutrophying, photochemical or harmful air pollutants, Sustainable production and consumption, Relative prices of environmental friendly and unfriendly products, Polution by businesses, Environment in third countries, Energy intensity of the economy, Fuel mix used in energy production, Demand for transport, Vehicle emissions, Energy and fuel consumption.
EUROMOD - EUROMOD Microsimulation
Role: baseline and assessment of policy options
Run by: European Commission
Ownership: Co-ownership (EU & third parties)
Contribution Details: EUROMOD was used to assess the following policy impacts as defined in the Better Regulation Toolbox: Consumer's ability to benefit from the internal market or to access goods and services from outside the EU, Prices, quality, availability or choice of consumer goods and services, Impact on vulnerable consumers, Impact on jobs, Impact on jobs in specific sectors, professions, regions or countries, Wages, labour costs or wage setting mechanisms, Households income and at risk of poverty rates, Inequalities and the distribution of incomes and wealth, Financing and organisation of social protection systems.
QUEST - Macroeconomic model QUEST
Role: baseline and assessment of policy options
Run by: European Commission
Ownership: EU ownership (European Commission)
Contribution Details: QUEST was used to assess the following policy impacts as defined in the Better Regulation Toolbox: EU Exports & imports, Investment flows & trade in services, Free movement of goods, services, capital and workers, Competition, Innovation for productivity/resource efficiency, Budgetary consequences for public authorities, Consumer's ability to benefit from the internal market or to access goods and services from outside the EU, Economic growth and employment, Investments and functioning of markets, Macro-economic stability, Impact on jobs, Impact on jobs in specific sectors, professions, regions or countries, Indirect effects on employment levels, Emission of greenhouse gases.
GINFORS-E - Global Interindustry FORecasting System - Energy
Role: baseline and assessment of policy options
Run by: RICARDO
Ownership: Third-party ownership (commercial companies, Member States, other organisations, …)
Contribution Details: GINFORS-E was used to assess the following policy impacts as defined in the Better Regulation Toolbox: Equal treatment of products and businesses, EU Exports & imports, Cost of doing business, Business' capacity to innovate, Market share & advantages in international context, Free movement of goods, services, capital and workers, Competition, Innovation for productivity/resource efficiency, Budgetary consequences for public authorities, Consumer's ability to benefit from the internal market or to access goods and services from outside the EU, Prices, quality, availability or choice of consumer goods and services, Goods traded with developing countries, Economic growth and employment, Investments and functioning of markets, Macro-economic stability, Impact on jobs, Impact on jobs in specific sectors, professions, regions or countries, Indirect effects on employment levels, Wages, labour costs or wage setting mechanisms, Emission of greenhouse gases, Emissions of acidifying, eutrophying, photochemical or harmful air pollutants, Sustainable production and consumption, Relative prices of environmental friendly and unfriendly products, Polution by businesses, Environment in third countries, Energy intensity of the economy, Fuel mix used in energy production, Demand for transport, Vehicle emissions, Energy and fuel consumption.
AERO-MS - Aviation Emissions and evaluation of Reduction Options Modelling System
Role: baseline and assessment of policy options
Run by: RICARDO
Ownership: EU agencies’ ownership
Contribution Details: AERO-MS was used to assess the following policy impacts as defined in the Better Regulation Toolbox: Equal treatment of products and businesses, Equal treatment of products and businesses, EU Exports & imports, Cost of doing business, Business' capacity to innovate, Market share & advantages in international context, Free movement of goods, services, capital and workers, Competition, Innovation for productivity/resource efficiency, Budgetary consequences for public authorities, Consumer's ability to benefit from the internal market or to access goods and services from outside the EU, Prices, quality, availability or choice of consumer goods and services, Goods traded with developing countries, Investments and functioning of markets, Emission of greenhouse gases, Economic incentives set up by market based mechanisms, Emissions of acidifying, eutrophying, photochemical or harmful air pollutants, Sustainable production and consumption, Relative prices of environmental friendly and unfriendly products, Polution by businesses, Environment in third countries, Energy intensity of the economy, Fuel mix used in energy production, Demand for transport, Vehicle emissions, Energy and fuel consumption.